How waves form

Waves are one of the sea’s most admired natural phenomena. Their movement—sometimes gentle, sometimes imposing—sparks curiosity and passion, especially among those who enjoy water activities. If you have ever wondered how waves form or why they occur, this article gives you a clear, comprehensive explanation.

At Oceanside surf school, you know the sea is much more than a landscape: it is a place for experiences, sport and connection with nature. That is why, in addition to explaining how waves are born, you will see how to make the most of them with our specialised services.

How does a wave form?

 Waves originate mainly from the action of wind on the sea surface. When air blows, it transfers energy to the water, creating undulations that travel long distances.

The key factors that determine a wave’s size and strength are:

• Wind speed: the faster it blows, the more energy it transfers.
• Wind duration: the longer it blows, the more the wave builds.
• Fetch (distance travelled over water): the greater the fetch, the larger the waves.

Why do waves occur?

 Although wind is the main cause, waves can also form due to other phenomena:

• Tides and ocean currents, which modify water movement.
• Seismic or submarine activity, which can generate tsunamis.
• Atmospheric changes, such as storms or hurricanes, which produce more intense waves.

In short, the sea is in constant motion, and waves are the most visible expression of that energy in action.

Types of waves you may encounter

Waves are not all the same; they vary depending on their origin and characteristics:

• Wind waves: the most common, generated by the wind.
• Swell waves (groundswells): travel long distances after a distant storm.
• Breaking waves: produced as they reach the coast; ideal for sports such as surfing.

Waves and Oceanside

 At Oceanside, each wave is an opportunity to experience the sea in a different way. For that reason, you are offered services designed for you to enjoy them to the fullest:

• Surf lessons and stand-up paddle (SUP) lessons: learn to handle waves with professionals.
• Sports equipment hire: boards, wetsuits and everything you need for the full experience.
• Tailored excursions and water activities: enjoy the waves in a safe, guided environment.

Now that you know how waves form and why they occur, you can better understand the ocean’s power and energy. If you want to take the next step and feel it first-hand, Oceanside helps you make it possible with activities adapted to all levels.